Option2: Use 3 multiplex keyways with 6-pin cylinders. * These Width A values were set with the maximum keyseat (shaft) width as that figure which will receive a key with the greatest amount of looseness consistent with assuring the key's sticking in the keyseat (shaft). 25÷3. Just enter the size of the key and shaft, then click "Calculate". Created Date:Use individual keyway broaches in a variety of arbor hole sizes. Torque is measured in degrees is calculated using Torque Exerted on Shaft = Force * Shaft Diameter /2. 2 Saddle Keys The saddle keys are of the following two types : (a) Flat saddle key, and (b) Hollow saddle key. 1250 0. The Woodruff key is a semi-circular disc and fits into a circular recess in the shaft machined by a woodruff keyway cutter. To use this calculator, input your Torque, Shaft Diameter and Key Length values. Carefully remove the deadbolt from the package by unsnapping the tabs in the upper corners of the clamshell. Initial cracking in unjointed pavement Fig. B. Whether dimensions according to standard, special materials or production to drawing, as a manufacturer of parallel keys and wedges the company crummenerl-gmbh. The extra 4 inches × 3/8″ high key stock. Keys and Keyways: Dimension charts for Keys and Keyways: Limits, fits and tolerances calculators: Calculates the limits, fits and tolerances according to ISO 286(2010), ANSI B4. 1) stress by torsion is relaxed after tightening. The housing locates the bearings on their outer rings and receives the thrust loads. The projecting part of Woodruff key fits in the keyway in the hub. There should be a top clearance between the key and the keyway in the bore. 045). 1890 0. Shaft Calculator. According to nominal size and fit type selection among running and sliding [RC], locational clearance [LC], locational transition [LT], locational interference [LN], force and shrink [FN] fits, size limits for hole/shaft are calculated with. 4- Some internal Grade values must be rounded down to a precision of 3 decimal metric millimeter precision. App calculates cut time based on keyway depth, length, & depth of cut. b. CNC Machinist Calculator Pro is great for CNC programmers or machine operators who need to make quick calculations on the fly. Measure the overall length of the boss (hub) of propeller Measure the keyway width. Shaft model is. Take taper angle as 80. Square keys. Calculate the values required to cut keyseats and keyways with this online tool. Keyways for rectangular or square parallel keys. Solid Rigid Shaft to Shaft Couplings Design Equations and Calculator. 7MB installed)Standard sheet DIN 6885 Print this page Keyway type in the bore and the shaft ISO Fundamental Tolerances. Sometimes, vertical reinforcing bars or a combination of shear key and bars are provided as shown in the Fig. Keying Help Glossary: Manufacturer: To find the door hardware manufacturer you are interested in, just sort the manufacturer column (to the right) in alphabetical order by clicking at the top of the column. It helps engineers and designers determine the width. Keyway Bore (inches) Reference Height (d) 1. js9 widthKeyway dimensions Key and keyway dimensions. The shear stress in the shaft is calculated as. com web: Supersedes 4-96SFM calculator for drilling, milling, & turning over 170 materials 19. 1265 0. 5020 2. CORMAX™ offers 32 unique keyways, 128 level options, and continues to grow and evolve. The key length should be less than about 1. keyways /keys dimension in accordance with BS 4235-1:1972: Specification for metric keys and keyways - Parallel and taper keys. 1 Class 1 standards for dimensions and tolerances. Inom denna längd skall kilspåret ha fullt djup The keyway length L (with tolerance H13) shall be equal to the nominal length of key L. While a designer is free to specify any keyway. 5. You can use the following formula: Grout = Aₛ - Aₛ × (Lₜ × Wₜ / ( (Lₜ + Gₜ) × (Wₜ + Gₜ))) Where: Aₛ - Area of the surface; Lₜ - Length of the tile; Wₜ - Width of the. of the shaft to have a flat the width of your key, which as previously stated, is the starting point of the depth of the keyway. It's worth a try! The mechanical properties and the strength of structural steel are contained in the standard DIN EN 10025. For a shaft key to function properly, both the shaft and rotating elements ( gear, pulley, and coupling) must have a keyway and a keyseat. Torque Capacity of Shaft T = π D 3 τ / 16. Diameter. , New Berlin, WI 53151-7953 USA Telephone: 262-796-4060 August 2003 Fax: 262-796-4064 e-mail: info@rexnord. 1-855-646-1390 (Toll Free in the U. zip. 5. Machine speeds vary. Surface treatment, including black. 2) equivalent stress should remain below the yield strength (linear elastic). The various parameters that can be included are Maximum Interference,. Design of a coupling with Woodruff's keys. When using the metric system, you first enter the diameter of the shaft, and then you have the choice, either you enter the keyway depth on the shaft and/or hub side, or you enter the key size directly. 3 5 5 18 22 6 2. Wind Load Calculator. 003, -. T. Speed; Cutter Diameter . K = 2Cr 4. Keyway Stresses for Non-metallic (phenolic laminated materials ) Gears Formulas and Calculator. Why BEST; Learning & Higher Education Discover how our products improve school security while meeting budget expectations. As with all functions of the Machinist's Calculator, linear values can be. Imperial Woodruff Key Keyway Dimensions Ebook PDF Elschools. 5mm) wide and KEYSEATING through a. A keyway in a concrete footing is to attach the foundation wall to the footing, prevent lateral movement of the foundation wall, and prevent water from entering the wall. A tool perform calculations on the concepts and applications into Stress Concentration Factors in Design. mm . This stress can be derived from the torsion formula: τ max = T D o / 2 J. Tolerance of shaft. 5 times the shaft diameter to ensure a good load distribution over the entire key length when the shaft becomes twisted when loaded in torsion. Keyway Cutter Hole Keyway Dimensional Data for MIlling Centers and Arbors - ANSI/ASME B94. Custom macro. 10 mm max. Shaft Calculation. Shaft tolerance for diameters not defined by ISO 286-2. This feature was added by the. Equivalent stress: σ = F / (π* (d0 / 2)2); d0 - smaller thread diameter; Safety factor: K is less from the ratios: Ft / FH and [Ft - FH] / FK*μ. Product description. A beautiful, free online scientific calculator with advanced features for evaluating percentages, fractions, exponential functions, logarithms, trigonometry, statistics, and more. C +0. Enter your. 1 Nm. Try our Keyway Depth Calculator. P. After the concrete sets, KEYWAY can be stripped easily to be reused, or it. Keyway Cutter Hole Keyway Dimensional Data for MIlling Centers and Arbors - ANSI/ASME B94. 30 ft high RC R/W with berm height of 22’-0”. Anand N. DIN 6885-1 :- Key, Hub Keyway, Shaft Keyway Details and Dimensions DIN 6885/1 :- Definition Drive Type Fastenings without Taper Action; Parallel Keys, Keyways, Deep PatternMetric thread, Screw joint calculator. A. 3 ≤ a / b ≤ 1. 8 14 9 51 58 16 4. Woodruff keys. 015 and depth numbering systems of 0-9 or 1-10. ! All calculations are performed according german standard DIN, operation is intuitive. We're making deals better for everyone - Keyway. Dynamic shear strength τ e: The ratio τ e /τ=C f ·C e /C m where C f represent the influence factors listed in eq(3. The value of the stress concentration factor is calculated by: Budynas-Nisbett, "Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design," 8th Ed. Woodruff keys cannot carry the same load as long parallel keys. K = 2Cr 4. 3mm 2. The Date Calculator adds or subtracts days, weeks, months and years from a given date. heta = 80. tip Take the product clamshell out of the box. To be more precise, you can wrap a string tightly around the flat of the pulley where your belt rides. The height of metric keys decreases by 1 mm for every 100 mm of length. 3mm 2. Need a price instantly? Contact us now. Torque Applied Deformation and Stress of a Shaft with Keyway Section Calculator. All dimensions are given in inches. 0% 0% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful. I've selected a shear strength = S s = 200 MPa, and a compressive strength = S c = 130 MPa. The key prevents relative rotation between the two parts and enables torque transmission. L Type Inch Bore / Keyway The L Type coupling consists of two standard L Type hubs and one spider. Select the Slitting Saw from the tool menu, either HSS or Carbide: 4. 1 standard which is based on inch units. P. SOLIDWORKS Torque Simulation | Shaft Analysis Solidworks | 3 Simulation Studies | Torque Simulation | CADable | CADable tutorialsIn this tutorial, we'll lear. 045*0. mm . To use this online calculator for Shear Stress in Kennedy Key, enter Transmitted Torque by Kennedy Key (Mt k), Diameter of Shaft using Key (d s), Width of Key (b k) & Length of Key (l) and hit the calculate button. 5 times the shaft diameter to ensure a good load distribution over the entire key length when the shaft becomes twisted when loaded in torsion. 6. This is why we allow the book. Depth (Y) =. CNC keyway calculator 23. 350 Maximum 2. Where J, the polar second moment of intertia is:ANSI limits and fits calculator works in line with ANSI B4. having a width equal to the width of the key. Square Drives for Socket Tools ASA B5. CNC Machinist Calculator Pro is great for CNC programmers or machine operators who need to make quick calculations on the fly. Setscrews are semipermanent fasteners that hold collars, pulleys, or gears on shafts. ANSI B17. 004, -. See examples of KEYWAY used in a sentence. The keyway calculator is a valuable tool that simplifies the complex process of calculating keyway dimensions. Written by: CNCBroachToolMD 27 Posts. As a result of calculations, the total twist angle φ and the maximum shear stress τ are determined. ; Government Find flexible and secure access control solutions through your preferred procurement channel. - Calculate the dimension for programming the depth of the keyseats. • Determine torque in shafts from gears, pulleys, sprockets, clutches, and couplings. 0 m) depending on concrete properties,The keyway turns out o be more critical than the shoulder. 4mm 1mm 1. The Shaft Design Book (Design Charts and Calculations for Torsional Properties of Non-Circular Shafts). Os cálculos que você precisa, mais rápidos, confiáveis e produtivos. + Keyways will be furnished per ISO/R773 and Js9 width tolerance unless otherwise specified. Nominal Dia. 032 * 0. However below, when you visit this web page, it will be adequately no question easy to get as without difficulty as obtain handbook Imperial Woodruff Key Keyway Dimensions. This calculator allows for the calculation of shaft work and the optimal sizing of a rotating shaft under a torque load. Select the Material. 14. Size, grade and types of bolts required 4. KEYWAY is resistant to impact and warping. CNC keyway calculator 23. Download Setup. With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Force & Shaft Diameter and hit the. 23. imperial keyway calculator eicac web imperial keyway calculator key dimensions parallel keys are mostShown in the chart below are the single CORMAX™ keyways and their multi-milling (sectional) options. For example, Gear drives, Pulleys or Sprockets are connected securely using keys to the power transmitting shaft. 3 16 10 59 65 18 4. Perform a strength check and generate the shaft into the Autodesk Inventor. The profile keyway is cut by an end-mill while the sled-runner keyway is cut by an ordinary milling cutter. To set up the Woodruff Cutter cut in the Calculator, we go left to right, top to bottom: 1. Abstract. Shaft model is considered to be carbon steel. D o: Assuming a basic shaft size of 25mm . Enter cuts for the Control Key (if applicable) Enter cuts for the first Master Key or Change Key. If you put out-of-range values into any of the fields, it'll probably look wrong! To use a gear in your chosen CAD system, you can download a DXF (or SVG). Wire EDM Cutting Cost Calculation. Status: Withdrawn. Spindle Speed. ©2023 Acoem USA. 4 Utrymmesbehov vid fastsittande kilThe second is a P9 tolerance. com. PFEIFER INDUSTRIES, LLC. 36 E 20th Street, Floor 7. Cutting Time. WIDTH. 19-1997; Design of Square Key and Keyway (Wood Ruff) Stress, Shear and Torque; Metric Key Keyway Dimensions B +0. It includes the following features: 1. 5. The grouted keyway creates a water barrier, which can be designed to resist relative deflection of the precast units under (PC) applied loads, as discussed in Section 5. Vention’s belt-driven, ball screw, and rack and pinion linear actuators have been designed to simplify the design of automated equipment. App calculates cut time based on keyway depth, length, & depth of cut. Thickness of web. It was not until I put it in there that I realized that I needed a keyway (the red circle on the blue pulley) This made for a challenge, since the sanding drum is 25 lbs + and its three feet long. You need about 33 cm³ of grout for a tile with length 12 cm and width 24 if your total surface area is 290 cm², with the border gap 1 cm around the tile. r1 and r2. shoulders, key and keyway, and sleeve. 5 times the shaft diameter to ensure a good load distribution over the entire key length when the shaft loaded in torsion. Our app is perfect for CNC programmers or operators who need to make quick calculations on the fly. Machinist Forum 25. Varies with b / r as follows. The algorithm of the program takes into account a loose connection in the case of insufficient tightening torque. KeyWay /Key Dimensions. Rexnord Industries, LLC, Coupling Group 427-108 5555 S. BEST Premium Cores and Keys Specifications CORMAX™ Keyway Examples General BHMA Standard BEST - SFIC Product Specifications A156. O aplicativo KEYWAY se destaca no dimensionamento do comprimento da chaveta, principalmente por sua simplicidade de uso e agilidade em fornecer respostas. CHAIN LENGTH CALCULATION SPEED RATIOS SPROCKET DIAMETERS HORSEPOWER RATINGS SPROCKETS American sprocket manufacturers have adopted 4 specific types of sprocket. n. Related. size of the chamfer, various sizes related to keyway, number and positions of tapped and counterbore holes,, etc. 13. 5^circ θ = 80. hello@whykeyway. pdf Gates belts, hoses, and applications: standard & non-standard shaft. Install in a keyway to transmit torque from shafts to gears and other components. Parallel keys DIN 6885 are only in packing units of 50 pieces for each size and length available. In this case, the torque that can be transmitted when a key is added to the shaft is approximately 12 percent lower than the torque that can transmitted by the plain shaft (393 Nm vs 447 Nm). 1-1967 (R2013) standards. Hub keyseat has been sometimes referred to as a keyway. Wire EDM Cutting Cost Calculation. 5 3,125The sunk keys are provided half in the keyway of the shaft and half in the keyway of the hub or boss of the pulley. Deadbolt Latch has round corner faceplate. Motors and gearboxes that generate high torque and acceleration may make shaft keys obsolete. The use of a calculator or gear ratio formula will help you to figure out how to calculate gear ratio and which ring and pinion to use. 3125 0. M. The profile keyway is cut by an end-mill while the sled-runner keyway is cut by an ordinary milling cutter. Press the Calculate Button. Machine Design Applications, Equations and Calculators Structural Deflection Equations and Stress. AISI 1008 has a density of 786 kg/m3, which makes it lighter than most metals used in construction applications, such as aluminium or cast iron, but still heavier than plastics like polyethene or PVC tubing materials commonly found in plumbing systems. Keyway Bore Diameter Size Bore Reference -0. keyways available upon request. The shaft keyway and hub keyway dimensions according to ISO 6887 - taper keys with gib head - are equal to those in ISO 6886DIN 6885-1 :- Key, Hub Keyway, Shaft Keyway Details and Dimensions DIN 6885/1 :- Definition Drive Type Fastenings without Taper Action; Parallel Keys, Keyways, Deep PatternMetric thread, Screw joint calculator. Our Pull-Type Keyway Broaches are ideal for applications in high volume production pull-type machines. 5 times the shaft diameter to ensure a good load distribution over the entire key length when the shaft loaded in torsion. BS ISO 4156:2005_1: Straight cylindrical involute splines. However, the fillet radius of the key seatSymmetry, which regulates the symmetry against the datum, is measured using a caliper, micrometer, or a coordinate measuring machine. CNC Machinist Calculator Pro is a machining calculator designed for manufacturing engineers, machinists, CNC operators, tool & die makers, and at home hobbyists. The maximum stress is calculated as σ max = K t σ nom, where K t is the stress concentration factor as determined from the plot below, and σ nom is calculated as: Cannot display plot -- browser is out of date. Rectangular sunk key. Schlage and Kwikset are the most. 1 standard which is based on inch units. Refer to pages JW-11, JW-12, and JW-10. How to use this calculator: Choose a type of operation (drilling, reaming, boring, counterboring, face milling, slab milling/side milling, end milling, or turning), select your stock material, choose a material for the tool (high-speed steel or carbide), input the quantity of teeth for the tool and the diameter of the workpiece/cutter. Unless otherwise specified, the shaft keyway is assumed to be standard. Following the calculations, the. b x h width x thck. Settings to customize the number of decimal places to display. When a keyway is damaged, cut a new, wider one. groove width. The fan housing supports the sleeve bearings. Keyway is a recess in the shaft and hub to accommodate the shaft key. Solid Rigid Shaft to Shaft Couplings Design Equations and Calculator. Item. This stress can be derived from the torsion formula: τ max = T D o / 2 J. Non standard bores and over the keyways. Read reviews, compare customer ratings, see screenshots and learn more about CNC Machinist Calculator Pro. Speed and Feed Calculator. be made for keyway and setscrews. If needed, also input the gear cutting tool's tip rounding radius coefficient. Surface Finish — Sides and bottom of keyways shall not exceed 250 micro inches. 4 chambers for change keys (5x5x5x5=625) 2 chambers for MKs (5x5=25) and repeat on 2nd and part of 3rd keyways. Our app is perfect for CNC programmers or operators who need to make quick calculations on the fly. τ = 16. Broaches are for use in hand and hydraulic arbor presses and are great for maintenance and short-run production operations. (a)(b. Easily mold a keyed tongue and groove construction joint with KEYWAY. Product description. Torque Capacity of Key T = ( D b L τ ) / 2. 0 for severe vibrations/shocks. The. 5 times the shaft diameter to ensure a good load distribution over the entire key length when the shaft becomes twisted when loaded in. Select your units as required. 40 D. - Series F couplings supplied with 4) All dimensions per AGMA 9002-A86 interference fit bores without set screws commercial standards. - Series EL couplings supplied withTo use the calculator, enter the module and number of teeth and the rest of the table should automatically update. Fit is defined as the degree of freedom of tightness between the mating parts in an assembly process, it is also defined as the relationship between the hole and the shaft during the Assembly is called Fit. zip file and run the setup file. End mills are the only tools that can mill closed slots that are: Straight, curved, or angled; Wider than tool diameter, designated pockets; Heavier slotting operations are often performed using long-edge milling cutters. P. A beautiful, free online scientific calculator with advanced features for evaluating percentages, fractions, exponential functions, logarithms, trigonometry, statistics, and more. S. Ratio of Shaft Strength with and without Keyway - Ratio of Shaft Strength with and without Keyway is the ratio of torisonal strength of a shaft having a keyway to torsional strength of a same-sized shaft without a keyway. 8mm 2. Standard Metric Keys & Keyways for Metric Bores with One Key • Couplings All Types (Page 1 of 2) Metric Key & Keyway Dimensions Per ISO/R773 – Js9 Width Tolerance Key & Keyway Dimensions – Millimeters Falk Coupling Hub Keyway Dimensions – Inches Shaft Diameter “D” Key Size Nominal Keyway Width Hub “W” Keyway Depth. 9. This shafting is true and straight and needs no turning, but if keyways are cut in the shaft, it must usually be straightened afterwards, as the cutting of the keyways relieves the tension on the surface of the shaft. Speed; Cutter Diameter . CNC Machinist Calculator Pro is a machining calculator designed for manufacturing engineers, machinists, CNC operators, tool & die makers, and at home hobbyists. specified on the drawing. Regardless of which unit of length you're using, you'll need to measure the following: width, height, and length. A slot for a key in the hub or shaft of a wheel. h. 8mm 1. Shaft Keyway Shear and Yield Strength Formulae and Calculator. Keyway metric dimensions key iso tolerance js9 r773 width per depth hub t2 height radius text mill question answered hasnSolved 5. The key length should be less than 1. Tolerance zones for external dimensions5″ + 3″ = 8″. 3 12 8 45 50 14 3. xls Created Date: 1/23/2014 8:35:20 AM. 010 / -. Select your units as required. The application provides solutions for the following tasks: Design of a coupling with parallel side keys. I also put the dimensions and tolerance of the key itself in case you're into that. Keyway height calculator from the bottom of bore to top of keyway. 4. Custom macro. A key cutter, also known as a keyseat cutter, keyway cutter, or woodruff cutter, is a versatile tool that can be used to cut several different types of keyways. Thread Calculators 6. To use this calculator, input your Torque, Shaft Diameter and Key Length values. W lock washers are locking devices, used to secure AN and N lock nuts onto a shaft or adapter sleeve and prevent unintentional loosening. Figure 3: Reversed torsional fatigue, where two 45 degree cracks started at the keywayhaving a width equal to the width of the key. ; Healthcare Learn how to ensure rapid movement and patient safety with our healthcare access products. Moorland Rd. This calculator considers maximum permissible shear stresses as 8,000 psi for shafts with allowance for keyways and 6,000 psi without keyway allowance. However, it is a tricky calculation since it is easy to get confused with the signs (Plus/Minus) Step 1 – Obtain the position deviation P from the above formula (True position without MMC / LMC) Step 2 – Obtain the Material Condition (MC) from the below table depending on your feature and condition types. Calculate the values required to cut keyseats and keyways with this online tool. 26, so the flat diameter is about 3 1/4”. Latch has adjustable backset 2-3/8" to 2-3/4" to fit all standard door preparations. - Show the tolerances based on ANSI/ASME B17. Bolt_length_calculation . With our KEYSEATER, we can do almost any bore and keyway combinations that you may need up to 2. End milling is selected for shorter, shallower slots, especially closed grooves and pockets, and for milling keyways. The basic size of the feature or fit is the dimension the tolerances will be applied to: The zero line in the calculator. Hub keyway depth is one-half the nominal height of the key and measured from the side corner. 1051 Aviation Blvd. 002, -. A list of standard K s = K a K d / K f. 018 * 0. 12 Same as above, for shear 13 Alternating torque, usually very small or zero. And the dimension is added from the bottom of the keyway to the bottom perimeter of. Standard External Metric Thread and Fastener Sizes M 0. The length of the coupling hub keyway is 4 inches long and it is also 3/8″ deep. 26 gearsolutions. 4 3 3 11 12 4 1. Referencing Figure 1, the keyway dimension is W x T 1. Calculate another keyway : 2388 State Route 726 Eaton, Ohio 45320 (937) 456-2232 Fax (937) 456-2282. This feature was added by the request of These calculations may vary depending on the speed of your. Parallel keys DIN 6885 are only in packing units of 50 pieces for each. nironental Connectors F-4 AR C • AR A • DA CA -4 • -4- • FA --© 2009 Glenair, Inc. 5000 2. The estimated cycle time is based on a rapid speed of 400 IPM and allows extra time for machine acceleration and deceleration. 5000 2. Simply download the . de can quickly implement every wish in every lot size! To go to the page of our product partner, please click here! The following books can be recommended without restrictions. Empty existingDefinitions: Keyseat: An axially located rectangular groove in a shaft or hub. Enter Cutter Diameter and Surface Speed to Calculate the R. Select a Preset. Imperial Woodruff Key Keyway Dimensions Pdf When people should go to the ebook stores, search start by shop, shelf by shelf, it is essentially problematic. Stress Concentration Factors in Design calculators give you a List of Stress Concentration Factors in Design Calculators. Tolerance of shaft. S = ( 1,000 · KW ) / ( V · A ) For keyway stresses expressed in terms of shaft radius r inches and. Enter the size of the key and shaft, and get the depths, overall measurements, and chord height for shaft and bore. From knowing the allowable stresses [σ], life time T and the corrosion rate S, you can. Tap Drill Calculator for roll form & cut taps 20. Need a price instantly? Contact us now. End mills are the only tools that can mill closed slots that are: Straight, curved, or angled; Wider than tool diameter, designated pockets; Heavier slotting operations are often performed using long-edge milling cutters. With the invention of the computer and numerically. J. , Jones ,F. Torque Applied Deformation. Having cut a number of keyways, short and long lenghts. Just enter the size of the key and shaft, then click "Calculate". A = 8 * (5 * 0. British ISO Metric Screw Threads Designations. ALL calculators require a Premium Membership. These values are to be reduced by 25% if the shafts have keyways. App calculates cut time based on keyway depth, length, & depth of cut. 8mm 1. | Lincoln, CA 95648. SOLIDWORKS Torque Simulation | Shaft Analysis Solidworks | 3 Simulation Studies | Torque Simulation | CADable | CADable tutorialsIn this tutorial, we'll lear. 2-6 Antimony St, Carole Park QLD 4300, Australia Phone +61 7 3271 5424. These woodruff keys are mostly used in machine tools and automobile shafts from ¼” to 2½” (6 mm to 60 mm) in diameter. The keyway in the shaft is in the form Of a semicircular recess with the same Fig. 2 continued. Touch and hold on a calculated number to copy to the clipboard. Standard. End milling is selected for shorter, shallower slots, especially closed grooves and pockets, and for milling keyways.